Spatio-Temporal Mutational Profile Appearances of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Pandemic.
Identifieur interne : 000209 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000208; suivant : 000210Spatio-Temporal Mutational Profile Appearances of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Pandemic.
Auteurs : Jiaxin Ling [Suède] ; Rachel A. Hickman [Suède] ; Jinlin Li [Suède] ; Xi Lu [République populaire de Chine] ; Johanna F. Lindahl [Suède, Kenya] ; Ke Lundkvist [Suède] ; Josef D. J Rhult [Suède]Source :
- Viruses [ 1999-4915 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- ARN viral (génétique), Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Alignement de séquences (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (génétique), Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification), Femelle (MeSH), Génome viral (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Infections à coronavirus (transmission), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Jeux de données comme sujet (MeSH), Mutation (MeSH), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Phylogenèse (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (transmission), Pneumopathie virale (virologie), Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie), Recombinaison génétique (MeSH), Similitude de séquences d'acides nucléiques (MeSH), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Suède (épidémiologie), Sélection génétique (MeSH), Théorème de Bayes (MeSH), Variation génétique (MeSH), Évolution moléculaire (MeSH).
- MESH :
- génétique : ARN viral, Betacoronavirus.
- isolement et purification : Betacoronavirus.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- épidémiologie : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale, Suède.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Alignement de séquences, Femelle, Génome viral, Humains, Jeux de données comme sujet, Mutation, Mâle, Pandémies, Phylogenèse, Recombinaison génétique, Similitude de séquences d'acides nucléiques, Sujet âgé, Sélection génétique, Théorème de Bayes, Variation génétique, Évolution moléculaire.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Suède.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Bayes Theorem (MeSH), Betacoronavirus (genetics), Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (transmission), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Datasets as Topic (MeSH), Evolution, Molecular (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Genetic Variation (MeSH), Genome, Viral (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Mutation (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Phylogeny (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology), Pneumonia, Viral (transmission), Pneumonia, Viral (virology), RNA, Viral (genetics), Recombination, Genetic (MeSH), Selection, Genetic (MeSH), Sequence Alignment (MeSH), Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid (MeSH), Sweden (epidemiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : RNA, Viral.
- geographic , epidemiology : Sweden.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- genetics : Betacoronavirus.
- isolation & purification : Betacoronavirus.
- transmission : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Adult, Aged, Bayes Theorem, Datasets as Topic, Evolution, Molecular, Female, Genetic Variation, Genome, Viral, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Pandemics, Phylogeny, Recombination, Genetic, Selection, Genetic, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the virus evolved, and we therefore aimed to provide an insight into which genetic variants were enriched, and how they spread in Sweden.
METHODS
We analyzed 348 Swedish SARS-CoV-2 sequences freely available from GISAID obtained from 7 February 2020 until 14 May 2020.
RESULTS
We identified 14 variant sites ≥5% frequency in the population. Among those sites, the D936Y substitution in the viral Spike protein was under positive selection. The variant sites can distinguish 11 mutational profiles in Sweden. Nine of the profiles appeared in Stockholm in March 2020. Mutational profiles 3 (B.1.1) and 6 (B.1), which contain the D936Y mutation, became the predominant profiles over time, spreading from Stockholm to other Swedish regions during April and the beginning of May. Furthermore, Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that SARS-CoV-2 could have emerged in Sweden on 27 December 2019, and community transmission started on February 1st with an evolutionary rate of 1.5425 × 10
CONCLUSIONS
Our study provides novel knowledge on the spatio-temporal dynamics of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 variants during the early pandemic. Characterization of these viral variants can provide precious insights on viral pathogenesis and can be valuable for diagnostic and drug development approaches.
DOI: 10.3390/v12091026
PubMed: 32937868
Affiliations:
- Kenya, République populaire de Chine, Suède
- East Middle Sweden, Guangdong, Svealand
- Jiangmen, Uppsala
- Université d'Uppsala
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Hickman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Jinlin" sort="Li, Jinlin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jinlin" last="Li">Jinlin Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-171 77 Stockholm</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Xi" sort="Lu, Xi" uniqKey="Lu X" first="Xi" last="Lu">Xi Lu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Jiangmen</settlement><region type="province">Guangdong</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindahl, Johanna F" sort="Lindahl, Johanna F" uniqKey="Lindahl J" first="Johanna F" last="Lindahl">Johanna F. Lindahl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi 00100</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Swedish University of Agricultural Research, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Swedish University of Agricultural Research, SE-750 07 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-750 07 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lundkvist, Ke" sort="Lundkvist, Ke" uniqKey="Lundkvist " first=" Ke" last="Lundkvist"> Ke Lundkvist</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="J Rhult, Josef D" sort="J Rhult, Josef D" uniqKey="J Rhult J" first="Josef D" last="J Rhult">Josef D. J Rhult</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement><region nuts="1">Svealand</region><region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Viruses</title><idno type="eISSN">1999-4915</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Bayes Theorem (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (genetics)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (isolation & purification)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (transmission)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Datasets as Topic (MeSH)</term><term>Evolution, Molecular (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Genetic Variation (MeSH)</term><term>Genome, Viral (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Mutation (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Phylogeny (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (epidemiology)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (transmission)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (virology)</term><term>RNA, Viral (genetics)</term><term>Recombination, Genetic (MeSH)</term><term>Selection, Genetic (MeSH)</term><term>Sequence Alignment (MeSH)</term><term>Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid (MeSH)</term><term>Sweden (epidemiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral (génétique)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Alignement de séquences (MeSH)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (génétique)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (isolement et purification)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Génome viral (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (transmission)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie)</term><term>Jeux de données comme sujet (MeSH)</term><term>Mutation (MeSH)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Phylogenèse (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (transmission)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (virologie)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (épidémiologie)</term><term>Recombinaison génétique (MeSH)</term><term>Similitude de séquences d'acides nucléiques (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Suède (épidémiologie)</term><term>Sélection génétique (MeSH)</term><term>Théorème de Bayes (MeSH)</term><term>Variation génétique (MeSH)</term><term>Évolution moléculaire (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>RNA, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Sweden</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN viral</term><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term><term>Suède</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Bayes Theorem</term><term>Datasets as Topic</term><term>Evolution, Molecular</term><term>Female</term><term>Genetic Variation</term><term>Genome, Viral</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Phylogeny</term><term>Recombination, Genetic</term><term>Selection, Genetic</term><term>Sequence Alignment</term><term>Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Alignement de séquences</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génome viral</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeux de données comme sujet</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Phylogenèse</term><term>Recombinaison génétique</term><term>Similitude de séquences d'acides nucléiques</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sélection génétique</term><term>Théorème de Bayes</term><term>Variation génétique</term><term>Évolution moléculaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Suède</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the virus evolved, and we therefore aimed to provide an insight into which genetic variants were enriched, and how they spread in Sweden.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>We analyzed 348 Swedish SARS-CoV-2 sequences freely available from GISAID obtained from 7 February 2020 until 14 May 2020.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>We identified 14 variant sites ≥5% frequency in the population. Among those sites, the D936Y substitution in the viral Spike protein was under positive selection. The variant sites can distinguish 11 mutational profiles in Sweden. Nine of the profiles appeared in Stockholm in March 2020. Mutational profiles 3 (B.1.1) and 6 (B.1), which contain the D936Y mutation, became the predominant profiles over time, spreading from Stockholm to other Swedish regions during April and the beginning of May. Furthermore, Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that SARS-CoV-2 could have emerged in Sweden on 27 December 2019, and community transmission started on February 1st with an evolutionary rate of 1.5425 × 10</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Our study provides novel knowledge on the spatio-temporal dynamics of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 variants during the early pandemic. Characterization of these viral variants can provide precious insights on viral pathogenesis and can be valuable for diagnostic and drug development approaches.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32937868</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>28</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1999-4915</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>12</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>14</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Viruses</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Viruses</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Spatio-Temporal Mutational Profile Appearances of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Pandemic.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E1026</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/v12091026</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">During the COVID-19 pandemic, the virus evolved, and we therefore aimed to provide an insight into which genetic variants were enriched, and how they spread in Sweden.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">We analyzed 348 Swedish SARS-CoV-2 sequences freely available from GISAID obtained from 7 February 2020 until 14 May 2020.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">We identified 14 variant sites ≥5% frequency in the population. Among those sites, the D936Y substitution in the viral Spike protein was under positive selection. The variant sites can distinguish 11 mutational profiles in Sweden. Nine of the profiles appeared in Stockholm in March 2020. Mutational profiles 3 (B.1.1) and 6 (B.1), which contain the D936Y mutation, became the predominant profiles over time, spreading from Stockholm to other Swedish regions during April and the beginning of May. Furthermore, Bayesian phylogenetic analysis indicated that SARS-CoV-2 could have emerged in Sweden on 27 December 2019, and community transmission started on February 1st with an evolutionary rate of 1.5425 × 10<sup>-3</sup> substitutions per year.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">Our study provides novel knowledge on the spatio-temporal dynamics of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 variants during the early pandemic. Characterization of these viral variants can provide precious insights on viral pathogenesis and can be valuable for diagnostic and drug development approaches.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ling</LastName><ForeName>Jiaxin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hickman</LastName><ForeName>Rachel A</ForeName><Initials>RA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0290-1836</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jinlin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lu</LastName><ForeName>Xi</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lindahl</LastName><ForeName>Johanna F</ForeName><Initials>JF</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-1175-0398</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Swedish University of Agricultural Research, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lundkvist</LastName><ForeName>Åke</ForeName><Initials>Å</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, University of Uppsala, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Järhult</LastName><ForeName>Josef D</ForeName><Initials>JD</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-7075-1059</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Zoonosis Science Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>2016-02606, 2017-05807, and 2018-02569</GrantID><Agency>The Swedish Research Council</Agency><Country>International</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>Nevermore Covid</GrantID><Agency>Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala</Agency><Country>International</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>14</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Viruses</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101509722</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1999-4915</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012367">RNA, Viral</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001499" MajorTopicYN="N">Bayes Theorem</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="N">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000635" MajorTopicYN="N">transmission</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D066264" MajorTopicYN="N">Datasets as Topic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019143" MajorTopicYN="N">Evolution, Molecular</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014644" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Variation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016679" MajorTopicYN="N">Genome, Viral</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009154" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mutation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010802" MajorTopicYN="N">Phylogeny</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000635" MajorTopicYN="N">transmission</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012367" MajorTopicYN="N">RNA, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011995" MajorTopicYN="N">Recombination, Genetic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012641" MajorTopicYN="N">Selection, Genetic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016415" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Alignment</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012689" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013548" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Sweden</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">evolution</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">mutation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">spike protein</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>12</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>1</Hour><Minute>2</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32937868</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">v12091026</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3390/v12091026</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Kenya</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>East Middle Sweden</li><li>Guangdong</li><li>Svealand</li></region><settlement><li>Jiangmen</li><li>Uppsala</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Uppsala</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ling, Jiaxin" sort="Ling, Jiaxin" uniqKey="Ling J" first="Jiaxin" last="Ling">Jiaxin Ling</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Hickman, Rachel A" sort="Hickman, Rachel A" uniqKey="Hickman R" first="Rachel A" last="Hickman">Rachel A. Hickman</name><name sortKey="J Rhult, Josef D" sort="J Rhult, Josef D" uniqKey="J Rhult J" first="Josef D" last="J Rhult">Josef D. J Rhult</name><name sortKey="Li, Jinlin" sort="Li, Jinlin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jinlin" last="Li">Jinlin Li</name><name sortKey="Li, Jinlin" sort="Li, Jinlin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jinlin" last="Li">Jinlin Li</name><name sortKey="Lindahl, Johanna F" sort="Lindahl, Johanna F" uniqKey="Lindahl J" first="Johanna F" last="Lindahl">Johanna F. Lindahl</name><name sortKey="Lindahl, Johanna F" sort="Lindahl, Johanna F" uniqKey="Lindahl J" first="Johanna F" last="Lindahl">Johanna F. Lindahl</name><name sortKey="Lundkvist, Ke" sort="Lundkvist, Ke" uniqKey="Lundkvist " first=" Ke" last="Lundkvist"> Ke Lundkvist</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><region name="Guangdong"><name sortKey="Lu, Xi" sort="Lu, Xi" uniqKey="Lu X" first="Xi" last="Lu">Xi Lu</name></region></country><country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lindahl, Johanna F" sort="Lindahl, Johanna F" uniqKey="Lindahl J" first="Johanna F" last="Lindahl">Johanna F. Lindahl</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|wiki= Sante
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|texte= Spatio-Temporal Mutational Profile Appearances of Swedish SARS-CoV-2 during the Early Pandemic.
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